ExxonMobil Corporation
Headquarters: Irving, Texas • Established 1999 (merger)
ExxonMobil emerged from the merger of Exxon Corporation and Mobil Corporation in 1999, creating one of the largest integrated oil and gas enterprises in the United States. The corporation oversees upstream exploration in North America, South America, Africa, and Asia, while managing downstream refining and chemical complexes across the Gulf Coast, Midwest, and West Coast regions.
Corporate governance emphasizes a board with engineering, finance, and policy expertise. The company has gradually expanded its Low Carbon Solutions division, focusing on carbon capture and storage, hydrogen development, and advanced biofuels. Key historical milestones include the acquisition of XTO Energy in 2010 to increase shale gas exposure and the development of the Beaumont refinery expansion completed in 2023. Regulatory engagement spans environmental permitting, export licensing, and compliance with federal and state emissions programs.
NextEra Energy, Inc.
Headquarters: Juno Beach, Florida • Established 1925 (as Florida Power & Light)
NextEra Energy originated as Florida Power & Light and rebranded in 1984 as FPL Group, later adopting the NextEra Energy name in 2010. The corporation operates through Florida Power & Light, the largest regulated utility in Florida, and NextEra Energy Resources, a leading developer of wind and solar projects across North America.
The company’s strategic development includes early investment in large-scale wind farms, sustained deployment of solar arrays in Florida, and the addition of battery storage projects to support grid reliability. NextEra engages closely with the Florida Public Service Commission and participates in federal policy discussions on transmission planning and renewable tax incentives. The corporation continues to evaluate hydrogen pilot projects associated with existing gas-fired plants.
Duke Energy Corporation
Headquarters: Charlotte, North Carolina • Established 1904
Duke Energy traces its origins to the Catawba Power Company, later evolving through mergers to form Duke Energy Corporation. The company manages regulated electric utilities across North Carolina, South Carolina, Indiana, Ohio, and Kentucky, with a generation portfolio spanning nuclear, coal, natural gas, hydroelectric, and renewable resources.
Notable milestones include the merger with Progress Energy in 2012, which expanded operations in the Carolinas and Florida. Duke Energy has invested in grid modernization programs, advanced metering infrastructure, and coal ash management initiatives. The company interacts with multiple state utility commissions and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, coordinating capital plans with long-term integrated resource plans.
Cheniere Energy, Inc.
Headquarters: Houston, Texas • Established 1983
Cheniere Energy transitioned from an exploration company to a leading liquefied natural gas exporter. The company developed the Sabine Pass LNG terminal in Louisiana and the Corpus Christi LNG terminal in Texas, enabling the United States to become a significant LNG supplier to international markets.
Cheniere structures its business through long-term sale and purchase agreements with global utilities and energy companies. The corporation coordinates with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, the Department of Energy, and the Maritime Administration on export authorizations, safety standards, and shipping logistics. Recently, Cheniere has invested in emissions monitoring to document the lifecycle footprint of exported LNG cargoes.